ABSTRACT The capture and processing of moving images from color negatives in Brazil is significantly developed in the late 1960s. At the time, modern Brazilian cinema witnessed a clash between cinemanovistas and experimental filmmakers. The confrontation takes on a peculiar contour regarding the use of color. This work intends to discuss some dimensions of this debate, based on a body of films and directors able to externalize a proposal aligned with tropicalist art. It is concluded that color may represent a complex agenda linked to the idea of industrialization.

RESUMEN La captura y el procesamiento de imágenes en movimiento a partir de negativos en color en Brasil se desarrollaron significativamente a fines de la década de 1960. En ese momento, el cine brasileño moderno fue testigo de un choque entre cinenovistas y directores vinculados a la experimentación. El enfrentamiento adquiere un carácter peculiar con el uso del color. Este trabajo pretende discutir las dimensiones de este debate a partir de un cuerpo de películas y directores capaces de exteriorizar una propuesta alineada con el arte tropicalista. Se concluye que el color puede representar una agenda compleja ligada a la idea de industrialización.

RESUMO A captação e processamento de imagens em movimento a partir de negativos coloridos no Brasil se desenvolve de forma expressiva no final dos anos 1960. Na ocasião, o cinema brasileiro moderno assiste a um embate entre cinemanovistas e diretores associados ao experimental. O confronto ganha um contorno peculiar no que diz respeito ao emprego da cor. Este trabalho pretende discutir algumas dimensões deste debate, tomando como base um corpo de filmes e cineastas aptos a externalizar uma proposta alinhada à arte tropicalista. Conclui-se que a cor poderá representar uma pauta complexa atrelada à ideia de industrialização.

ABSTRACT Driven by the widespread politicization that took over the late 60’s, cinema rehearses an institutional turn, proclaiming a new avant-garde. In France, this turn revolves around the deconstruction of the media, adapted to a debate in tune with structuralism ideas. This article intends to explore the cinema produced around 68 in its practical-theoretical conversations with structuralist deconstruction and some of its variations, focusing on Jean-Luc Godard’s work as a reference. The proposal aims to expand the analysis by pointing to a conceptual diversification on Brazilian so-called marginal cinema.

RESUMEN Motivado por la amplia politización que insurge con folego en los últimos años de la década de 1960, el cine intenta un giro institucional proclamando una nueva vanguardia. En Francia se hablará en desconstruirlo, adecuándolo a un debate en sintonía con el estructuralismo. Este artículo pretende explorar el cine producido a partir de 68 en sus conversaciones teórico-prácticas con la deconstrucción estructuralista y sus variantes, tomando como referencia el trabajo de Jean-Luc Godard. La propuesta tiene como objetivo la expansión del análisis intentando señalar una diversificación conceptual en Brasil en el llamado cine marginal.

RESUMO Motivado pela ampla politização que insurge com fôlego nos últimos anos da década de 1960, o cinema ensaia uma virada institucional, proclamando uma nova vanguarda. Na França se falará em desconstruí-lo, adequando-o a um debate sintonizado ao estruturalismo. Este artigo pretende explorar o cinema produzido a partir de 68 em suas conversas prático-teóricas com a desconstrução estruturalista e algumas variações, tomando o trabalho de Jean-Luc Godard como referência. A proposta visa a expandir a análise e pretende apontar uma diversificação conceitual no Brasil no chamado cinema marginal.

Resumo Este artigo busca propor uma reflexão sobre o que é aqui chamado de filme assintagmático, tomando como contexto a produção cinematográfica em torno de Maio de 68. O objeto contemplado por este estudo de caso é o curta-metragem La révolution n’est qu’un début. Continuouns le combat (1968), de Pierre Clémenti. Para esta análise e para a compreensão do que se propõe conceitualmente, leva-se em consideração a emergência de um “estado selvagem” através da sobreimpressão imagética, como propõe Noguez (2010), e de um tempo subjetivo dela advinda, como prevê Clerget (2001). A formulação está em oposição ao estabelecido por Metz (2010) como sintagma no cinema.

Abstract Impasses and potentialities of an assyntagmatic film - This article proposes a discussion over what is here established as an assyntagmatic film, targeting May 68’s film production. La révolution n’est qu’un début. Continuouns le combat (1968), by Pierre Clémenti, is the focus of the present analysis. As for what is understood as an assyntagmatic film, we take into account the emergence of a “wild state” throught visual overprint, as established by Noguez (2010), and a subjective time, as proposed by Clerget (2001). It’s an opposition to what is called a syntagm on cinema by Metz (2010).

Resumo Objetivo Verificar se os ombros com acetabularização têm melhores resultados funcionais nos casos de artropatia do manguito rotador. Métodos Avaliação transversal clínica e radiológica de 65 ombros com artropatia do manguito rotador por meio da mensuração da amplitude de movimento (ADM) do ombro, do escore de Constant-Murley, e das classificações radiológicas de Hamada e Seebauer. Os achados clínicos foram comparados com os radiográficos. Resultados Segundo a classificação de Seebauer, com relação à ADM, observamos melhores resultados nos tipos A. Houve diferença estatística significativa na elevação anterior, e rotação medial entre os tipos A e B (p< 0.05). A rotação lateral não demonstrou diferença estatística significativa entre os tipos A e B. O escore de Constant-Murley apresentou melhores resultados nos tipos A, e houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos A e B (p< 0,05). Segundo a classificação de Hamada, observamos que a ADM teve melhores resultados nos tipos 3, 2 e 1, e houve diferença estatística significativa para a elevação anterior e a rotação medial (p< 0,05) quando comparadas com os grupos 4A, 4B e 5. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos de Hamada em relação à rotação lateral. Ainda segundo Hamada, o escore de Constant-Murley apresentou melhores resultados nos tipos 3, 1 e 2, e houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos 3 e 5. Conclusão A ADM e a função do ombro apresentavam-se melhores nos pacientes com acetabularização (Seebauer 1A e Hamada 3), e piores naqueles com artrose glenoumeral (Seebauer 1B, 2B e Hamada 4A, 4B e 5).

Abstract Objective To check if shoulders with acetabularization have better functional results in cases of rotator cuff arthropathy. Methods A clinical and radiological cross-sectional evaluation of 65 shoulders with rotator cuff arthropathy by measuring the range of motion (RoM) of the shoulder, the Constant-Murley score, and the radiological classifications of Hamada and Seebauer. The clinical findings were compared with the radiographic findings. Results According to the classification of Seebauer, we observed better results regarding the RoM in type-A shoulders. There was a statistically significant difference regarding anterior elevation and medial rotation between types A and B (p< 0.05). Lateral rotation did not show a statistically significant difference between types A and B. The Constant-Murley score presented better results in type A, and there was a statistically significant difference between groups A and B (p< 0.05). According to the classification of Hamada, we observed that the RoM had better results in types 3, 2 and 1, and there was a statistically significant difference regarding anterior elevation and medial rotation (p< 0.05) compared with groups 4A, 4B and 5. There was no statistically significant difference between the Hamada groups regarding lateral rotation. According to Hamada, the Constant-Murley score showed better results in types 3, 1 and 2, and there was a statistically significant difference between groups 3 and 5. Conclusion The RoM and shoulder function were better in patients with acetabularization (Seebauer 1A and Hamada 3), and worse in those with glenohumeral arthrosis (Seebauer 1B, 2B and Hamada 4A, 4B and 5).

BACKGROUND To cope with the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), new molecular methods that can routinely be used to screen for a wide range of drug resistance related genetic markers in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of multiplex ligaton-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) against Genotype® MTBDRplus to detect resistance to isoniazid (INHr) and rifampicin (RIFr). METHOD 96 culture isolates characterised for identification, drug susceptibility testing (DST) and sequencing of rpoB, katG, and inhA genes were evaluated by the MLPA and Genotype®MTBDRplus assays. RESULTS With sequencing as a reference standard, sensitivity (SE) to detect INHr was 92.8% and 85.7%, and specificity (SP) was 100% and 97.5%, for MLPA and Genotype®MTBDRplus, respectively. In relation to RIFr, SE was 87.5% and 100%, and SP was 100% and 98.8%, respectively. Kappa value was identical between Genotype®MTBDRplus and MLPA compared with the standard DST and sequencing for detection of INHr [0.83 (0.75-0.91)] and RIFr [0.93 (0.88-0.98)]. CONCLUSION Compared to Genotype®MTBDRplus, MLPA showed similar sensitivity to detect INH and RIF resistance. The results obtained by the MLPA and Genotype®MTBDRplus assays indicate that both molecular tests can be used for the rapid detection of drug-resistant TB with high accuracy. MLPA has the added value of providing information on the circulating M. tuberculosis lineages.

RESUMO As variações anatômicas na origem do tendão do bíceps foram descritas por vários autores, mas a ocorrência de sua origem no supraespinhal é rara. Não está claro se essa variação pode contribuir para condições patológicas do ombro. Nosso objetivo é descrever um caso de uma variação anatômica da origem da cabeça longa do tendão do bíceps. Informações clínicas, imagens pré-operatórias e imagens artroscópicas foram revisadas a partir de um paciente que teve uma origem aberrante da cabeça longa do bíceps observada durante a artroscopia do ombro. Neste estudo de caso, a origem do bíceps foi encontrada no manguito rotador, sem origem do tubérculo supraglenoidal ou labrum superior. Essa variante não parece contribuir para a patologia ombro e o tratamento padrão de patologia concomitante foi suficiente.

ABSTRACT Anatomical variations at the origin of the biceps tendon have been described by several authors, but occurrences of an origin in the supraspinatus are rare. It is unclear whether this variation might contribute toward pathological conditions of the shoulder. Our objective here was to describe a case of an anatomical variation in the origin of the tendon of the long head of the biceps. The clinical information, preoperative images and arthroscopic images relating to a patient with an aberrant origin of the long head of the biceps, which was observed during shoulder arthroscopy, were reviewed. In this case study, the origin of the biceps was found in the rotator cuff, without any origin from the supraglenoid tubercle or upper labrum. This variant did not seem to contribute toward the pathological condition of the shoulder, and standard treatment for the concomitant condition was sufficient for treating it.

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) threatens global TB control and is a major public health concern in several countries. We therefore developed a multiplex assay (LINE-TB/MDR) that is able to identify the most frequent mutations related to rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance. The assay is based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction, membrane hybridisation and colorimetric detection targeting of rpoB and katG genes, as well as the inhA promoter, which are all known to carry specific mutations associated with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). The assay was validated on a reference panel of 108 M. tuberculosis isolates that were characterised by the proportion method and by DNA sequencing of the targets. When comparing the performance of LINE-TB/MDR with DNA sequencing, the sensitivity, specificity and agreement were 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively, for RMP and 77.6%, 90.6% and 88.9%, respectively, for INH. Using drug sensibility testing as a reference standard, the performance of LINE-TB/MDR regarding sensitivity, specificity and agreement was 100%, 100% and 100% (95%), respectively, for RMP and 77%, 100% and 88.7% (82.2-95.1), respectively, for INH. LINE-TB/MDR was compared with GenoType MTBDRplus for 65 isolates, resulting in an agreement of 93.6% (86.7-97.5) for RIF and 87.4% (84.3-96.2) for INH. LINE-TB/MDR warrants further clinical validation and may be an affordable alternative for MDR-TB diagnosis.